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Description
The GM66150 series of positive fixed and adjustable regulators is designed to provide up to 1.5A output with high current, high accuracy, and extremely low dropout voltage performance. These regulators feature 300 to 350mV (full load) dropout voltages, and very low ground current. Although designed for high current loads, these devices are also useful in lower current, extremely low dropoutcritical systems, where their minimal dropout voltage and ground current values are important characteristics. The GM66150 is fully protected against overcurrent, reversed input polarity (or reversed battery connection), reversed lead insertion, over-temperature operation, and transient voltage spikes (positive or negative). Five pin fixed voltage versions feature logic level ON/OFF control and an error flag which signals whenever the output falls out of regulation. On the GM66151 and GM66152, the ENABLE pin may be tied to VIN if it is not required for ON/OFF control. The GM66150 is available in 3-pin and 5-pin TO-220 and surface mount TO-263 packages.
Features
Fixed and Adjustable Voltage Versions Output Current up to 1.5A Low Dropout Voltage 350mV @ 1.5A Low Ground Current Accurate 1% Guaranteed Tolerance Extremely Fast Transient Response Reverse-battery Protection "Load Dump" Protection Zero-Current shutdown mode(5-pin versions) Error flag signals output out-of-regulation (5-pin versions)
Application
High Efficiency Linear Regulators Post Regulators for Switching Supplies
High Efficiency "Green" Computer Systems Battery Powered Equipment Automotive Electronics
5 V 5%
GM66150 - 3.3
+
3.3 V 1% @1.5A
VOUT= 1.24V X [1 + (R1 /R2)]
47F
VIN R1 10F
+ +
VOUT
22F
R2 Figure 1. Fixed Voltage Version
Figure 2. Adjustable Voltage Version
www.gammamicro.com
GM66150 SERIES V0.1
1
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
GM 431
MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (TOP VIEW)
2
SOT-223
GM66150 VVAYWW
TO-220- 5
TO-263-5(D PAK)
GM66151
VVAYWW
GM66151
VVAYWW
VOUT GND VIN
1
1
Pinout On all devices, the Tab is grounded.
TO-220- 5
TO-263-5(D PAK)
2
GM66150/ Three Terminal Pin 1 = Input, 2 = Ground, 3 = Output GM66151/ Five Terminal (Fixed Voltage Devices)
GM6615X
AYWW
GM6615X
AYWW
1 (For GM66152 and GM66153)
1
V V,VVV = Output Voltage (33=3.3V , 120=12V) A = Assembly Location Y = Year WW = Weekly
Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Flag GM66152/ Adjustable with ON/ OFF Control Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Adjust GM66153/ Adjustable with Flag Pin 1 = Flag, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Adjust
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number Output Voltage Package Shipping
GM66150
GM66150-1.5TA3T GM66150-1.5TA3R GM66150-1.5TB3T GM66150-1.8TA3T GM66150-1.8TA3R GM66150-1.8TB3T 1.5V 1.5V 1.5V 1.8V 1.8V 1.8V 2.5V 2.5V 2.5V 2.5V 2.5V 3.0V 3.0V 3.0V 3.0V 3.0V 3.0V 3.0V TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-252 TO-252 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-223 TO-223 TO-252 TO-252 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape &Reel 50 Units/ Tube 80 Units/ Tube 2,500 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape &Reel 50 Units/ Tube 80 Units/ Tube 2,500 Units/ Tape & Reel 80 Units/ Tube 2,500 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66150 SERIES
2
GM66150-2.5TA3T GM66150-2.5TA3R GM66150-2.5TB3T GM66150-2.5TC3T GM66150-2.5TC3R GM66150-3.0TA3T GM66150-3.0TA3R GM66150-3.0TB3T GM66150-3.0ST3T GM66150-3.0ST3R GM66150-3.0TC3T GM66150-3.0TC3R
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number Output Voltage Package Shipping
GM66150
GM66150-3.3TA3T GM66150-3.3TA3R GM66150-3.3TB3T GM66150-5.0TA3T GM66150-5.0TA3R GM66150-5.0TB3T GM66150-12TA3T GM66150-12TA3R GM66150-12TB3T 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 5.0V 5.0V 5.0V 12V 12V 12V TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 TO-263-2 TO-263-2 TO-220 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube
GM66151
GM66151-1.5TA5T GM66151-1.5TA5R GM66151-1.5TB5T GM66151-1.8TA5T GM66151-1.8TA5R GM66151-1.8TB5T GM66151-2.5TA5T GM66151-2.5TA5R GM66151-2.5TB5T GM66151-3.0TA5T GM66151-3.0TA5R GM66151-3.0TB5T GM66151-3.3TA5T GM66151-3.3TA5R GM66151-3.3TB5T GM66151-5.0TA5T GM66151-5.0TA5R GM66151-5.0TB5T GM66151-12TA5T GM66151-12TA5R GM66151-12TB5T 1.5V 1.5V 1.5V 1.8V 1.8V 1.8V 2.5V 2.5V 2.5V 3.0V 3.0V 3.0V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 5.0V 5.0V 5.0V 12V 12V 12V TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
GM66150 SERIES
3
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number Output Voltage Package Shipping
GM66152
GM66152TA5T GM66152TA5R GM66152TB5T Adj Adj Adj TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube
GM66153
GM66153TA5T GM66153TA5R GM66153TB5T Adj Adj Adj TO-263-5 TO-263-5 TO-220-5 50 Units/ Tube 800 Units/ Tape & Reel 50 Units/ Tube
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
GM66150 SERIES
4
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
Power Dissipation Input Supply Voltage (Note 1) Lead Temperature (Soldering, 5 sec ) Storage Temperature Range
SYMBOL
PD VIN TLEAD TSTG
VALUE
Internally limited -20 to +60 260 -65 to +150
UNIT
W V C C
OPERATING RATINGS
PARAMETER
Maximum Operating Input Voltage Operating junction Temperature Range
SYMBOL
VIN TJ
VALUE
26 -40 to +125
UNIT
V C
BLOCK DIAGRAM
IN O.V. ILimit 28V FLAG
OUT
+ -
1.18V
Ref.
1.24V
+ -
R1*
ADJ** EN Thermal Shut-down R2*
GND
* Feedback network in fixed version only ** Adjustable version only
GM66150 SERIES
5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25C unless otherwise noted)
Unless otherwise specified: TJ = 25C; Bold values are guaranteed across the operating temperature range. Adjustable versions are programmed to 5.0V.
Parameter
Output Voltage (Note2) Line Regulation Load Regulation (Note 2, 6) Output Voltage change with Temperature Coef. (Note 6) Dropout Voltage
Conditions
IO = 10 mA 10mA IO IFL,(VOUT + 1V) VIN 26V
Min
-1 -2
Typ
Max
1 2
Unit
%
% % %
IO = 10mA, (VOUT + 1V) VIN 26V VIN = VOUT + 5V, 10mA IOUT IFL DVOUT/ DT DVOUT = -1% (Note 3) IO = 100mA IO = 750mA IO = 1.5A IO = 750mA, VIN = VOUT + 1V IO = 1.5A
0.06 0.20 20
0.5 1.0 100
ppm/C
80 220 350 8 22 2.0 2.1 400 260
200 600 20
mV
Ground Current
mA mA
Ground Pin Current at Dropout IGNDDO VIN = 0.5V less than specified VOUT, IOUT = 10mA Current Limit
Output Noise Voltage en, (10Hz to 100Hz) IO = 100mA
VOUT,= 0V (Note 4) CL = 10F CL = 33F
3.5
A V (rms)
Reference GM66152
Reference Voltage Reference Voltage Adjust Pin Bias Current Reference Voltage change with Temperature Coef. Adjust Pin Bias Current change with Temperature
1.228 1.215 (Note 8) 1.203
1.240
1.252 1.265 1.277
V V V nA ppm/C nA/C
40 (Note 7) 20 0.1
80 120
Flag Output (Error Comparator) GM66151/ GM66153
Output Leakage Current Output Low Voltage
VOH = 26V Device set for 5V, VIN = 4.5V IOL = 250A Device set for 5V(Note 9) Device set for 5V(Note 9) Device set for 5V(Note 9) 40 25
0.01 220 60 75 15
1 2 300 400
A mV mV
GM66150 SERIES
Upper Treshold Voltage Lower Treshold Voltage Hysteresis
95 140
mV mV
Enable Input GM66151 / GM66152
Input Logic Voltage Low (OFF) High (ON)
0.8 2.4 VEN = 26V 100 600 750 2.5 5.0 500
V A A A
Enable Pin Input Current
VEN = 0.8V
Regulator Output Current In Shutdown
(Note10)
10
6
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Note 1: Maximum positive supply voltage of 60V must be of limited duration (<100msec) and duty cycle ( 1%). The maximum continuous supply voltage is 26V. Note 2: Full Load current (IFL) is defined as 1.5A for the GM66150 series. Note 3: Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential when the output voltage drops to 99% of its nominal value with VOUT + 1V applied to VIN Note 4: VIN = VOUT (nominal) + 1V. For example, use VIN = 4.3V for a 3.3V regulator or use 6V for a 5V regulator. Employ pulse-testing procedures to minimize temperature rise. Note 5: Ground pin current is the regulator quiescent current. The total current drawn from the source is the sum of the load current plus the ground pin current. Note 6: Output voltage temperature coefficient is defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temperature range. Note 7: Thermal regulation is defined as the change in output voltage at a time T after a change in power dissipation is applied, excluding load or line regulation effects. Specifications are for a 200mA load pulse at VIN = 20V (a 4W pulse) for T = 10ms. Note 8: VREF VOUT (VIN -1V), 2.3V VIN 26V, 10mA < IL IFL, TJ TJ MAX. Note 9: Comparator thresholds are expressed in terms of a voltage differential at the Adjust terminal below the nominal reference voltage measured at 6V input. To express these thresholds in terms of output voltage change, multiply by the error amplifier gain = VOUT / VREF = (R1 + R2)/ R2. For example, at a programmed output voltage of 5V, the Error output is guaranteed to go low when the output drops by 95 mV x 5V/1.240 V = 384 mV. Thresholds remain constant as a percent of VOUT as VOUT is varied, with the dropout warning occurring at typically 5% below nominal, 7.7% guaranteed. Note 10: VEN 0.8V and VIN 26V, VOUT = 0. Note 11: When used in dual supply systems where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the output voltage must be diode clamped to ground.
GM66150 SERIES
7
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM66150
450 400 Dropout Voltage (mV) 350 Dropout Voltage (V) 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.8 0.7 4.0 Output Voltage (V) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ILOAD = 1.5A IOUT = 10mA IOUT = 1.5A 2.0 5.0
3.0
1.0
Output Current (A)
Temperature (C)
Input Voltage(V)
Figure 1. GM66150 Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
Figure 2. GM66150 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
Figure 3. GM66102-5.0 Dropout Characteristics
1.2 1.0 Ground Current (mA) 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Supply Voltage (V) VOUT = 5V ILOAD = 10mA Ground Current (A)
300 250 200 ILOAD = 10mA 150 100 50 0 -60 -30 Ground Current (mA)
2.5
2.0
1.5 ILOAD = 250mA
1.0
0.5
0
30
60
90
120
130
0 -60
-30
0
30
60
90
120 150
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 4. GM66150 Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage
Figure 5. GM66150 Ground Current Temperature
Figure 6. GM66150 Ground Current vs. Temperature
3.40 3.38 3.36 Output Voltage (V) 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.26 3.24 3.22 3.20 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 3DEVICES Current (A)
3.0 2.5 Ground Current (mA) 2.0 VOUT = 0V 1.5 1.0 0.5 0
1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -30 RLOAD = 100W VOUT = 5V
GM66150 SERIES
-60 -30
0
30
60
90
120
130
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Input Voltage (V)
Figure 7. GM66150-3.3 Output Voltage vs. Temperature
Figure 8. GM66150-3.3 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
Figure 9. GM66150 Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
8
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The GM66150 series is high performance with lowdropout voltage regulators, suitable for all moderate to high-current voltage regulator applications. Their 350mV dropout voltage at full load makes them especially valuable in battery powered systems and as high efficiency noise filters in "post-regulator" applications. Unlike older NPN-pass transistor designs, for which where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-emitter voltage drop and collector-emitter saturation voltage, dropout performance of the PNP output of these devices is limited merely by the low VCE saturation voltage. A trade-off for the low dropout voltage is a varying base drive requirement. But, Gamma's PNP process reduces this drive requirement to merely 1% of the load current. The GM66150 series of regulators is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. Current limiting is provided. This limiting is linear, and output current under overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the 125C maximum safe operating temperature. Transient protection allows device (and load) survival even when the input voltage spikes between -20V and +60V. When the input voltage exceeds about 35V to 40V, the overvoltage sensor temporarily disables the regulator. The output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. GM66151 and GM66152 versions offer a logic level ON/OFF control: when disabled, the devices draw nearly zero current. An additional feature of this regulator family is a common pinout: a design's current requirement may change up or down yet use the same board layout, as all of these regulators have identical pinouts. where TJ(MAX) 125C and qCS is between 0 and 2C/W. The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout properties of Gamma PNP regulators allow very significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 0.1F is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Then the heat sink thermal resistance is determined with this formula: TJ(MAX) - TA qSA = (qJC + qCS ) PD
Figure 10. Linear regulators require only two capacitors for operation.
VIN IN GND OUT VOUT
+
+
Thermal Design Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters: Maximum ambient temperature, TA Output Current, IOUT Output Voltage, VOUT Input Voltage, VIN First, we calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this formula: PD = IOUT (1.01VIN - VOUT) where the ground current is approximated by 1% of IOUT.
GM66150 SERIES
9
Capacitor Requirements For stability and minimum output noise, a capacitor on the regulator output is necessary. The value of this capacitor is dependent upon the output current; lower currents allow smaller capacitors. GM66150 regulators are stable with the minimum capacitor value of 10F at full load. This capacitor needs not be an expensive low ESR type: aluminum electrolytics are adequate. In fact, extremely low ESR capacitors may contribute to instability. T antalum capacitors are recommended for systems where fast load transient response is important. Where the regulator is powered from a source with a high AC impedance, a 0.1F capacitor connected between Input and GND is recommended. This capacitor should has good characteristics to above 250kHz. Minimum Load Current The GM66150 regulators are specified between finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. The 5mA minimum load current swamps any expected leakage current across the operating temperature range.
The adjustable regulator versions, GM66152 and GM66153, allow programming the output voltage anywhere between 1.25V and the 26V maximum operating rating of the family. Two resistors are used. Resistors can be quite large, up to 1MW, because of the very high input impedance and low bias current of the sense comparator: The resistor values are calculated by:
R1 = R2 (
VOUT 1.240
-1)
where VO is the desired output voltage. Figure 11 shows component definition. Applications with widely varying load currents may scale the resistors to draw the minimum load current required for proper operation (see above). Error Flag GM66151 and GM66153 versions feature an Error Flag, which looks at the output voltage and signals an error condition when this voltage drops 5% below its expected value. The error flag is an opencollector output that pulls low under fault conditions. It may sink 10mA. Low output voltage signifies a number of possible problems, including an overcurrent fault (the device is in current limit) and low input voltage. The flag output is inoperative dur-
Adjustable Regulator Design
GM66152
ing overtemperature shutdown conditions. Enable Input
GM66150 SERIES
VOUT= 1.24V X [1 + (R1 /R2)] VIN R1 10F
+ +
GM66151 and GM66152 versions feature an enable (EN) input that allows ON/OFF control of the device. Special design allows "zero" current drain when the device is disabled -only microamperes of leakage
VOUT
22F
R2
current flows. The EN input has TTL/CMOS compatible thresholds for simple interfacing with logic, or may be directly tied to 30V. Enabling the regulator requires approximately 20A of current.
Figure 11. Adjustable Regulator with Resistor
10
TO-220PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 0.20 3.60 0.20 1.30 0.10 1.70 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 0.20 3.70 0.20 15.90 0.20 4.60 18.95 MAX 3 0.9 7.0 8.70 2.80 0.10 4.50 0.20 8.0
+0.1 1.30 -0.05
7.0
8.40 1.46 1.00 45 3.00
3
3
13.08 0.20
10.08 0.30
1.27 0.10
3-R0.2
2.54 TYP (2.54 0.20)
0.80 0.10 1.52 0.10
0.50 -0.05
+0.1
2.40 0.20
3
3
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 0.20
TO-220-5 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.97 0.20 9.90 0.20 3.60 0.20 1.30 0.10 1.70 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 0.20 3.70 0.20 4.60 15.90 0.20 3 7.0 0.20 28.78 MAX 9.20 0.20 3 3 8.70 2.80 0.10 4.50 0.20 8.0 0.20
+0.1 1.30 -0.05
7.0
8.40 1.2
13.08 0.20
3-R0.2
5-0.8 0.10
0.50 -0.05
+0.1
2.40 0.20
1.7(TYP) 3 3
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 0.20
GM66150 SERIES
11
TO-263-5 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 0.40 15' 1.20 3 4.60 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 4.50 1.30
Pad Layout
15.3 2.00 0.10 3 17.5 9 3.8 1.7 11.5
1.20
4.90
0.75 R0.30
2.40 R0.30 2.54 0.50
1.70 TYP (1.70 0.20)
0.80 0.40 1.75
10.0 8.0 7.0 4.40
1.07
3 R 0.3
3 0.90 R 0.45 7.2 9.20 15.30 10.00
Units: mm
4.90
Unit: mm
GM66150 SERIES
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TO-252 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
6.50 0.05 5.340 0.05 29 0.5 REF 0.6 7
2.30 0.05 0.508 0.0127
Pad Layout
0.244 6.20 0.118 3.0
1.0 0.05 6.10 0.05 7.20 0.05 7 0.070 0.05 9.900 7 0.75 0.10 2.70 0.10 R 0.25 0.13 0.81 0.038 1.525 0.10 0.75 0.10 0.89 0.05
0.228 5.80
0.243 6.172
0.101 2.58
0.063 1.6
(
Inches ) mm
R0.15 max 2
Unit: mm
SOT- 223 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
1.80max 0.3 0.05 3.0 0.05 1.75 0.10 0.60 0.65 0.10
3.5 0.10 7.0 0.15
0.06 0.04
Pad Layout
0.15 3.8
0.079 2.0
1.75 0.10 2.30TYP 0.95TYP 4.6 0.1
0~0.075
0~10
0.091 2.3 0.079 2.0
0.091 2.3
0.248 6.3
0.70 0.05
13 0.84 1.6 0.10 0.46 13 6.50 0.10
0.059 1.5 0.059 1.5 0.059 1.5 Inches mm
Unit: mm
GM66150 SERIES
13
ORDERING NUMBER
GM 66150 1.8 TA3 T
Gamma Micro. Circuit Type Output Voltage 1.5: 1.5V 1.8: 1.8V 2.5: 2.5V 3.0: 3.0V 3.3: 3.3V 5.0: 5.0V 12: 12V Shipping R: Tape & Reel T: Tube Package TA3: TO-263-3 TA5: TO-263-5 TB3: TO-220 TC3: TO-252
GM66150 SERIES
14
15
GM66150 SERIES

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